Source: Median wages for butlers, chauffeurs, gardeners, furnace men and "house men" employed to work in private households in Philadelphia in the late 1920s. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Paragraph below the table describes the weekly earnings of blast furnace workers, smelters, rolling mill operators, and foundry workers in both Pounds Sterling and U.S. Telephones, radios, cameras, kitchen ranges, home electric appliances, record players, music records, sewing machines, fabrics, clothes washers, laundry supplies, vacuum sweepers. Meal time was cold, cramped, and wet. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library Occupations wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Dining room furniture, silverware, dish sets. Cottage and bungalow home designs with illustrations and floor plans in the "Wardway homes" catalog. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs and other necessities in Greece. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Girl's: Source: Compares 1922 to1940 wage rates for a variety of RR jobs, pp. Each table spans 2 book pages, and row labels only show on even-numbered pages. Link navigates to a record containing multiple years worth of this publication. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. ), carriages, cribs, high chairs, etc. In the hand-loading era, an underground miners workplace, usually called a room, was only as high as the coal seam. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Boys labored inside, sorting coal by size and removing rock. Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Prices are shown in Hungarian crowns. Unskilled labor hired by cities for construction, repair or cleaning of streets. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. 8836. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Shows the hourly, daily, and biannual earnings of different occupations in the Missouri coal industry between 1890-1922. Next came preparations for extracting the coal. Prices are shown in contemporary US dollars. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Shows the daily cost of food, heat, and light for a working family of 4 following independence. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Oct 1927, Shows the average daily wages for 14 different occupations in the Florence district. Source: This table provides average yearly wages per industry or trade type, including transportation, education and agriculture, among others. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Table shows average tax by acre for each state in 1929. Women's and children's clothing - Newcomb, Endicott, and Co. Retail prices for imported merchandise, 1922, Rates charges for hospital services, 1928, Health care costs and expenditures, 1923-1925, Average charges by type of medical complaint, 1929-1930, Public colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Private colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Howard University School of Medicine - Tuition & expenses, 1920-21, The Undertaker's Trade - Services and Prices, Average funeral cost by state and city, 1927, Cost to mail a letter or postcard, 1863-present, Vacation to Yellowstone National Park - Prices in 1920, Consumption expenditures per capita, 1901-1956, Cost of living increase in U.S. large cities, 1913-1941, Income needed for "minimum subsistence" in cities, 1929, Minimum income needed to live in Washington DC, 1920, Cost of living among wage earners, Detroit, 1921, Lynchburg, VA - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Ability to pay and standard of living among farmers, 1926, Farm family expenditures in selected states, 1922-1924, Average annual costs of keeping work horses, 1921, Virginia - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Calculator: Present-day purchasing power of a historic dollar amount, Consumer Price Index Inflation Calculator, Canada - Food and rents by province and city, 1923, Canada - Prices of staple foods, fuel and rent in 1913, 1920-1927, Retail Prices in Czechoslovakia, 1914-1921, Clothing prices - Great Britain, 1914-1921, New Zealand - Food and cigarette retail prices by city, 1921. equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. Source: Source: BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics, 1931 edition. Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. Shows average public employee pay for each state. The laborer's work is often made difficult by the water and rock which are found' in large quantities in coal veins. Includes many brand names. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Check the, Shows the daily rate of Utah coal mining workers in a variety of jobs and occupations. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Fearful of the danger, frightened by the blackest darkness he could imagine, and repelled by the coal dust that clung to him like a layer of skin, Washington vowed to get an education and rise out of the coal pits, just as he had risen up from slavery.. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. The lack of market for coal during the depression had stepped in to push aside both miners and operators as principals in collective bargaining. Tip: use the search tool to look for words like cents or rate. Source: BLS Source: BLS, See fairly comprehensive coverage of this topic in Appendix 23, "Charges for various kinds of medical services" in, Fee schedules established by the Ohio State Medical Association for. Source: BLS, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs . With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. It may be necessary to read the chapters pertaining to the country, but you can find the actual minimum wages in the discussion. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. Shows data for Washington DC, Los Angeles, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroitand otheradditional cities on pages5-9. If a man died in a mine, they quit work to honor him and to take up a collection for his surviving wife and children. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. Under these terms, a hard worker could earn $2.00 for ten to twelve hours of labor, if the work was steady. Source: BLS, Shows the earnings over different times for both government employees and manual workers in Hamburg. The union was very important to miners. 294-295. Source:Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily or monthly wages for various occupations in 5 different cities in Brazil. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. Patterns for sewing children's clothes, stockings, union suits, toys, bicycles. NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. See table 164 for average annual wage. It was usually undertaken by women, and sometimes children. Describes the labor policy of Mexico in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Wages are shown in Greek drachmas. The need to correct these abuses led the UMWA to demand the employment of a check-weigh man whom the miners could trust. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. They provided their own equipment and often hired assistants; managers extended credit for supplies like dynamite. Wages are shown in both Chervonetz roubles and contemporary U.S. dollars. (Jack Corn/EPA) A ppalachian coal production has been on shaky ground almost since the industry's inception in the mid 19th century. by OCCUPATION Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Retreat mining required the rapid destruction of these pillars, each containing tons of valuable coal, before the mine collapsed. Prices are shown in Latvian rubles. Details the price of clothing for men, women, boys and girls on pp. Shows the daily wages for 11 different occupations in Parahyba, Brazil. Men's: Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for various occupations in 6 different industries in Japan. Report published in 1923 gives wages for Arkansas women by occupation and race. Shows monthly wages based on the ocean routes traveled: San Francisco to points west, and New York City to points south and east. Source: Federal Power Commission. Wages are shown in 1930 US dollars. Covers Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. Covers occupations in the building trades, metal trades, printing trades, coal mining and more. Trump blames his predecessors environmentalism for the loss of jobs in Appalachia, but the reality is a long-running product of market forces, not liberal tree-hugging. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. For easier browsing, the information is. This is a New Zealand government document. Shows wages paid on American, Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, Spanish and Swedish cargo ships, by occupations including seamen, engineers, first mates, second mates, radio operators, boatswains, firemen, coal passers, stewards, cooks, waiters, messmen, mess boys, carpenters, deck engineers, quartermasters, store keepers, donkey men, and more. $30.30. The mine was run by the Japanese, who had occupied the area, along with the rest of the puppet state of Manchukuo, using prisoners of war or poorly-paid Chinese locals as their miners. Shows the changes in wages of united Illinois coal miners following a labor agreement. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. Meanwhile, his wife Mary operated the Nellis boarding house for foreign-born miners. The following two tables shows the average daily earnings of industrial and building workers by occupation as well as in Moscow, Leningrad, and the Ural mountain region. Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. Source: BLS, Shows the wage scale for various occupations for Japanese and Chinese workers in Dairen. Study showed how much a family of five would need to live in Washington DC in 1920. Shows average charge per case for appendicitis, childbirth, heart troubles, cancer, dental problems and more. There is also a table showing, Shows the value of multiple currencies in US dollars in the years of. Living room: 2-4. Includes breakouts for adults and. See p. 193 of this. After a temporary escape to attend grammar school, it was the world he reentered in 1900 as an eighteen-year-old man willing and able to load coal for a miners pay. In 1925, motor vehicles were scrapped at an average age of 6.5 years. In West Virginia's colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Appalachian coal production has been on shaky ground almost since the industrys inception in the mid 19th century. Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Under other circumstances, mine tops fell without warning. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. One statute required operators to print maps of their mines, but it excluded any provisions for enforcing this requirement. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Details the price of various building materials on pp. Heed no operators tale! COST OF LIVING Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of various foodstuffs in 10 large German cities. 365-372. Shows pay tables based on years of service,for Army and Navygenerals, admirals, colonels, lieutenants, captains, ensigns, etc. Coal powered industrial America. The wage data is broken out by sex. Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. Safety sign in eight languages, about 1910. Miscellaneous: Totals are shown in Canadian dollars. Believed to be the worst coal mine disaster ever, an explosion at the Bnxh mine in Liaoning province killed 1,549 people in 1942. Full chapter extends from pp. It was a dreadful experience Booker T. Washington never forgot. There was little prospect then that coal would be in demand as it is today or that the daily wage of miners would be multiplied 8 to 10 times by 1974. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. how much did coal miners get paid in the 1950s. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. The mine foreman was legally responsible for safety. Managers worried about competition, costs, and controlling workers who spoke multiple languages and labored out of view. Wages are shown in French francs. Shows police department salaries for cities over 100,000 population. Shows the changes in wages of united Illinois coal miners following a labor agreement. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. West Virginias drift mines were cut into the mountains horizontally and its slope mines descended gradually into the earth. They designed complex ventilation systems with fans and interior doors to keep dangerous gases from causing explosions. From, Earnings forveterinarians with governmentjobs, in scientific labs, in sales, or working as. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. His salary was paid entirely by coal companies. 525. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of food and commodities in various cities throughout south Manchuria. During the 1910s and 1920s, minimum wage laws were adopted by a handful of states and generally applied only to women and children. Expressed in dollars and also as a percentage of the property value. Some occupations covered include telephone operators, waitresses, hotel maids, chambermaids, elevator girls, laundry workers, retail clerks, and factory workers in the wood working industry. Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. of Agriculture report. Engineers used anemometers to measure airflow within mines. Source: Hotel rates can often be found within the advertisements throughout the pages of the. $32k - $76k. Coal miner Bill Keating composed the ballad Down, Down, Down to break my loneliness and to show my mule I was in a friendly mood., President John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers, convention badge, 1936. See answers (2) Best Answer. Covers elementary, junior high, and high school teachers in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. A standard tune in miners lore began with lyric, Youve been docked and docked again, boys / Youve been loading two for one, and asked what the miner had to show for working so hard. Source: Lists minimum and maximum daily wages for male and female workers. Source: BLS Bulletins. A paid subscription is required for full access. Tables 6-13 show farm land prices by county in IA, MN, ND, ID, OH, KY, NC and TX. Wages for workers engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel goods, machinery, railway rolling stock, boilers, vehicles, aircraft, electrical apparatus, scientific instruments and more. Police department personnel salaries and wages. In West Virginias colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Wages are shown in both Francs and contemporary US dollars. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages and hours of a variety of occupations in Madrid. Arthur Lewis. 45-57. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. Source: BLS. See "Blood donation" in. . Careless miners always fail. Dresses, skirts, blouses, suits, patterns for sewing frocks,, dress gloves, shawls, sweaters, silk undergarments, pajamas, union suits, corsets, gowns, stockings, hats, winter coats, fur coats, winter gloves and mittens, shoes, purses and bags, diamond rings, necklaces and jewelry, brooches, perfume, wigs. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. Includes drug items, toilet items, and miscellaneous items. Wages shown in contemporary US dollars. Veteran colliers knew competitive individualism bred greed, hostility, thievery, and a disregard for mine safety. Shows average annual expenditure for food, rent, clothing, and medical care per family member. Compensationby job titlefor New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco and more cities. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wage in both yen and US dollars. Wages are shown in Italian lire. Under these terms, a hard worker could earn $2.00 for ten to twelve hours of labor, if the work was steady. Wages are shown in pounds, shillings, and pence. Handkerchiefs, slippers, watches, umbrellas, hair brushes and combs, Christmas decorations. Sporting goods: Typewriters, school supplies, office supplies, fountain pens, more fountain pens, books, drawing sets, home office furniture. The regions first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. During the early 1900s, roof falls in the bituminous coal mines killed an average of 886 workers every year, as compared with the 274 deaths per year caused by explosions and fires. Shows wages and prices in kronen, along with the exchange rate to translate into U.S. dollars. 484. Report published in 1923 tells wages by race and by industry. Salary data for judges inNY, PA, NJ and CT. Furniture, bookcases, carpets and rugs, curtains, hanging lamps, lightbulbs, table and floor lamps, clocks. Coal mining wages - Illinois, 1920. Source: Lists prices of typical food items, housing expenses, clothing, fuel, light and more. Shows wages and hours of workers in the cotton industry over a 23 year period. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. This risk increased enormously when inexperienced miners failed to undercut the coal before blasting and took the risk of shooting on the solid.. Montgomery Ward catalog shows prices of radios and radio supplies on 60+ pages. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Milk cost an average 33 per half gallon in 1920. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. "75 Years of American Finance: A Graphic Presentation 1861-1935" That the presidents persistent nostalgia for a yesteryear America had such visceral effect on rural voters only betrays the entrenched anxiety of a region where decline is a multi-generational way of life. A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. Source: U.S. Dept. Mostly covers manufacturing industries (tobacco was prominent), but there is some data for women who worked in mercantile stores, 5-and10-cent stores, and in laundries. Constitution Avenue, NW When he lit the fuse, the lead miner hollered, Fire in the hole, and scuttled out of the room with his buddy. Source: BLS. The region's first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. 285, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Typically, workers could get an advance on pay, in company-issued paper currency, called scrip, or tokens to buy goods. The failure of a mine boss to dampen the coal dust was the reason the Red Ash mine blew up in 1905, killing thirteen men and boys on Fire Creek. Bedroom: Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. Between 12th and 14th Streets Using a thin iron needle about the thickness of a pencil, he shoved a cartridge of black powder into the hole and pushed a little clay into the hole with a damper; then he carefullywithdrew the needle and inserted a wick of waxed paper, a squib, that would burn down to the black powder. HEALTH CARE Lengthy article reports how much educators earned in Illinois' high schools in 1920-1921. Discusses doctor and hospital fees as well as related expenses such as home nursing care. Source: BLS. Iowa farm houses averaged around 8 rooms and had an average value of $3,043. University of Missouri, Columbia Wages are shown in contemporary US dollars. Shows the daily wages of various common and low-skill occupations like building laborers, canners, and rice mill workers throughout the state. Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Hourly Rate. Mine foremen attempted various forms of industrial discipline to maximize productivity, but in the early 1900s, coal miners experienced little of the supervision foremen and factory managers imposed on workers; in fact, veteran colliers often became surly when a mine foreman came by their place on his little scooter to check on them. Mule drivers and trapper boys like Frank Keeney set out at six oclock every morning with the adult miners, who each carried a pick and auger, a can of black blasting powder, fuses, and a tamping rod. Source: Extensive article provides wage detail by occupation and city. Source: Table shows 52 years of time-series prices on individual foods, such as. Calvin & Hobbes creator Bill Watterson is back. In the 1920s decade, 8% to 12%of peopleaged18-21enrolled incollege. By the 1940s, the United Mine Workers union had established better wages and somewhat safer conditions for miners, though a contentious relationship between workers and bosses persisted. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages and hours of workers in 4 different industries in Madrid. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. Postal Service. Source: the Historian of the U.S. Source: This source is entirely about compensation of state and local government employees in New York. He later recalled his terror at being lost in a maze of underground rooms when his lamp went out. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930), Shows the average wages of multiple occupation in the mining industry. 25-38. Prices are shown in German marks. Shows wages and hours for union bricklayers, building laborers, carpenters, cement finishers,hod carriers, inside wiremen, painters, plasterers, plumbers, stonecutters and more. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. Conversely, a dollar earned in 1928 had the same buying power as abut $15 in the year 2020. Compares to national averages. Pennsylvania's investment in anthracite iron paid dividends for the industrial economy of the state and proved that coal could be adapted to a number of industrial pursuits.

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